(A public controversy is not simply a matter of interest to the public; it must be a real dispute, the outcome of which affects the general public or some segment of it in an appreciable way.). Did you know that almost twice as many people die each year from suicide as from homicide? In addition to their libel claims, the Tatums also asserted DTPA claims against DMN. Haynes is distinguishable. Commercial Law Bus. Appellees asserted several summary judgment grounds. According to an opinion from the Texas Supreme Court that reinstated a lower court ruling that favored the Morning News, the Tatums contend their son showed no sign of mental illness or. We construe an allegedly defamatory publication as a whole in light of the surrounding circumstances and based on how a person of ordinary intelligence would perceive it. Backes, 2015 WL 1138258, at *14. Rather, this case turns on the verifiability of the column's accusation of deception against the Tatums. walkers gluten free shortbread / April 12, 2022 . Plaintiffs sued Defendant for intentional infliction of emotional distress (IIED), claiming that Defendant exploited the tragedy of their son's death by encouraging the criticism of their son's obituary. The column's headline and opening sentence announce that deception and secrecy are the column's topics. A reasonable juror could conclude that a hypothetically true column would have been less damaging to the Tatums' reputation because it would have mentioned that the Tatums claimed to have written the obituary in a good faith belief in its truth and without an intent to deceive. Accordingly, the court held that the columns were nonactionable opinions. Add . Did appellees establish as a matter of law that the column is privileged as a fair account of official proceedings or as a fair comment on a matter of public concern? at 10. If a publication is of ambiguous or doubtful import, however, the jury must determine its meaning. See id. The Tatums son shot himself hours after he was involved in a serious car crash in 2010, according to court records. 4. (A publication is of and concerning the plaintiff if persons who knew and were acquainted with him understood from viewing the publication that the defamatory matter referred to him.). at *4. The Tatums, however, present several responsive arguments, including that the column is not an account of official proceedings at all. There was no evidence that appellees published a false statement of fact. In this libel-by-implication case, a column written by Steve Blow and published by The Dallas Morning News (collectively, Petitioners) was reasonably capable of meaning that John and Mary Ann Tatum ac. Entertainment & Sports Law The hypothetical person of ordinary intelligence is one who exercises care and prudence, but not omniscience, when evaluating an allegedly defamatory communication. See Civ. See Neely, 418 S.W.3d at 61. Juvenile Law This case involves libel, which is a defamation expressed in written or other graphic form. Arbitration & Mediation 219 0 obj <>stream Business Law The state Supreme Court saw the column differently. Morbid curiosity, they call it apologetically. Before Justices Lang, Fillmore, and Whitehill Opinion by Justice Whitehill We have already concluded that a reasonable reader could conclude that the column presents a false gist about the Tatums. We conclude that there was more than a scintilla of evidence showing more than a mere failure to conduct a reasonable investigation. But appellees do not explain how the column amounts to rhetorical hyperbole. My column told them nothing they didn't already know. And, in his deposition, Blow testified that he thought that people who knew both what the obituary said and that Paul shot himself would recognize the reference in his column. (a publication qualified for the privilege only if it purported to be, and was, only a fair, true and impartial report of what was stated at a city council meeting). Nonetheless, a journalist may not omit and juxtapose facts in such a way as to make the facts reported convey a false gist or meaning. 6. Karen Misko took the post to be directed at her and sued Johns for libel. Appellees argue that the column is a fair comment on a matter of public concern, specifically society's tendency to avoid open discussion of suicide and how that leaves its dangers underestimated. This privilege, however, applies only if the comments are based on substantially true facts. b. The Tatums argue that an accusation of deception is verifiable and therefore actionable, while appellees argue that it is not. Listen, the last thing I want to do is put guilt on the family of suicide victims. According to the court, the Tatums chose the wording of the obituary to reflect their conviction that Pauls suicide resulted from suicidal ideation arising from a brain injury [sustained in the car crash] rather than from any undiagnosed mental illness.. 3. The Tatums' first appellate issue argues that the trial court erred by granting summary judgment on their libel claims. We disagree and affirm the judgment as to those claims. Avila v. Larrea, 394 S.W.3d 646, 658 (Tex.App.Dallas 2012, pet. The Dallas Express a newspaper printed by and for the city's African American community ALSO essential sadly, only the years 1919-1924 have been scanned, here The Jewish Monitor published in Fort Worth, serving the DFW (and Texas) Jewish community, 1919-1921, here The Texas Jewish Post, 1950-2011, here Blow's controversial practice of attacking obituaries. In their affidavits, both Tatums said that they would not have published the obituary as worded if they had known that DMN had someone on staff who had a history of criticizing obituaries like Steve Blow.. He testified that he knew that Bruce Tomaso and Kevin Sherrington looked into Paul's death, and that he could not remember specifically which of them provided him with the information he used in the column. In May 2010, Paul was a seventeen-year-old high school student. In this libel-by-implication case, a column written by Steve Blow and published by The Dallas Morning News (collectively, Petitioners) was reasonably capable of meaning that John and Mary Ann Tatum acted deceptively and that the accusation of deception was reasonably capable of defaming the Tatums. We therefore decline to follow West. Rather, we conclude only that it is capable of having that meaning. The distance between the column's discussion of Paul's case and its discussion of mental illness is not so great that a reader of ordinary intelligence could not connect the two, and the closing exhortation for frank discussion, timely intervention, and honesty tends to tie the end of the column back to the two specific illustrations of deception. Saying someone is popular is not inconsistent with the premise that he is mentally ill, nor is asserting that someone committed suicide out of remorse over a car crash inconsistent with the premise that he was mentally ill. Because we conclude that the column is capable of a defamatory meaning, there is at least a fact issue regarding this element, and appellees' traditional and no-evidence grounds attacking that element cannot support the trial court's judgment.4. Because we see no matching argument in appellees' amended motion for summary judgment, that argument is not properly before us. 2. Appellees, however, counter that no ordinary reader would think the column defames the Tatums. of Tex., Inc. v. Tex. As to whether Blow misrepresented his investigation and the sources of his information, Blow testified by deposition that he learned the information about Paul's death that he used in his column from one of his colleagues at DMN. The trial court granted appellees' amended summary judgment motion, and the Tatums timely filed a notice of appeal. Insurance Law at 1019. Blow, who did not contact the Tatums before writing his column, called for the public to more openly discuss mental illness, which is often a factor in suicides. Bankruptcy Defamation has two forms: slander and libel. The 2010 column, Shrouding suicide leaves its danger unaddressed, urged the public to talk more openly about suicide. Austin v. Inet Techs., Inc., 118 S.W.3d 491, 496 (Tex.App.Dallas 2003, no pet.). Prac. Paul died from a gunshot wound to the head. Appellees argue that a public controversy existed over the official cause of Paul's death. TermsPrivacyDisclaimerCookiesDo Not Sell My Information, Begin typing to search, use arrow keys to navigate, use enter to select, Stay up-to-date with FindLaw's newsletter for legal professionals. A statement is defamatory if it tends to (i) injure a person's reputation, (ii) expose him to public hatred, contempt, ridicule, or financial injury, or (iii) impeach his honesty, integrity, or virtue. Anderton v. Cawley, 378 S.W.3d 38, 46 (Tex.App.Dallas 2012, no pet.). On Petition for Review from the Court of Appeals for the Fifth District of Texas. Appellees' summary judgment motion argued that (i) they proved the column was true or substantially true and (ii) the Tatums had no evidence of any false statement of fact in the column. Although appellees contend that the column's gist does not include any comment on the Tatums' character or their actions, we disagree. If, as concerns the present case, the plaintiff is a private individual rather than a public official or public figure, the elements of defamation are: (1) the defendant published a statement, (2) the statement was defamatory concerning the plaintiff, and (3) the defendant acted with negligence regarding the statement's truth.2 Neely, 418 S.W.3d at 61; WFAATV, Inc. v. McLemore, 978 S.W.2d 568, 571 (Tex.1998). Thus, if the column's false gistthat the Tatums wrote Paul's obituary with the intent to deceiveis more damaging to the Tatums' reputations than a true statement would have been, then the gist is not substantially true. A no-evidence summary judgment should be reversed if the evidence is sufficient for reasonable and fair-minded jurors to differ in their conclusions. Education Law In that case, Tracy Johns posted an internet message under the heading GeneralMunchausen Syndrome by Proxy that read, in part, Has anyone ever known anyone with this disease/issue? 17.50(a)(1)(A)(B). See Civ. Heritage Capital, 436 S.W.3d at 875. Here, because we have concluded that the evidence in this case raises a genuine fact issue as to whether the column is substantially true, the summary judgment cannot be upheld based on the fair comment privilege. See id. Antitrust & Trade Regulation %%EOF Two, they did not mention suicide in the obituary because (i) they believed it would give a false impression that Paul committed suicide as a result of depression or other mental illness and (ii) they did not feel it would honor Paul's memory to include morbid details about his death or to include overly scientific information. For the above reasons, we conclude that a person of ordinary intelligence could construe the column to suggest that Paul suffered from mental illness and his parents failed to confront it honestly and timely, perhaps missing a chance to save his life. The column was privileged as a fair, true, and impartial account of official proceedings. The medical examiner ruled the teens death a suicide. He then called a friend, and their conversation prompted her and her mother to drive to the Tatums' house during the early morning hours of May 18. 07060041CV, 2007 WL 1098476, at *4 (Tex.App.Amarillo Apr. at 571; see also Einhorn v. LaChance, 823 S.W.2d 405, 411 (Tex.App.Houston [1st Dist.] The court can see if the press was covering the debate, reporting what people were saying and uncovering facts and theories to help the public formulate some judgment. 497 U.S. at 1921. 203 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<5137B43803F1ED67129ECA0B47F79974>]/Index[186 34]/Info 185 0 R/Length 86/Prev 175724/Root 187 0 R/Size 220/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Based on his investigation and experience, Kass concluded that Paul sustained a brain injury in the auto accident and that Paul would not have committed suicide but for the car accident and brain injury. The Tatums' live pleading asserted Libel as count 1 and Libel per se as count 2. Milkovich lost on summary judgment and appealed all the way to the Supreme Court. That lawsuit was dismissed, and the Tatums appealed. Supreme Court of Texas. We sustain the Tatums' first issue. They already face a grief more intense than most of us will ever know. But recent Texas defamation cases may suggest that the plaintiff always has the burden of proving falsity. 2015 WL 5156908, at *6 n.6. The email address cannot be subscribed. Civil Procedure at 1020. And the gist includes an implication that the Tatums' motive for deceiving readers was to conceal that Paul had suffered from a mental illness that the Tatums failed to confront. Civil Rights Although the Tatums' mental states when they wrote the obituary may not be susceptible of direct proof, we conclude that they are sufficiently verifiable through circumstantial evidence, such as the investigation into the possible causes for Paul's suicide that the Tatums undertook, to make the column's defamatory gist about them verifiable under Milkovich and Neely. Did the Tatums raise a genuine fact issue that appellees acted with the necessary degree of culpability? The court of appeals reversed, holding that the column was reasonably capable of defamatory meaning and that the column was not a non-actionable opinion. Rather, the Tatums contend that DMN should have disclosed that its columnist, Blow, had previously written columns critical of obituaries that had appeared in the newspaper. (3)the alleged defamation must be germane to the plaintiff's participation in the controversy. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. Our work has been recognized with nine Pulitzer Priz Location & Hours 1954 Commerce St Dallas, TX 75201 We perceive no extravagant exaggeration in the column. In this context, actual malice means knowledge of, or reckless disregard for, the falsity of a statement. a. As explained above, a false gist is substantially true and nonactionable if it is no more damaging to the plaintiff's reputation than a truthful publication would have been. Communications Law We conclude that the Tatums adduced no evidence of this requirement. Reckless disregard means that the publisher entertained serious doubts about the publication's truth or had a high degree of awareness of the publication's probable falsity. dallas morning news v tatum oyezsims 4 university homework cheat. Here, the column did not mention Paul or the Tatums by name. 17.46(b)(24); see also Brennan v. Manning, No. Hepps ensures that a statement of opinion relating to matters of public concern which does not contain a provably false factual connotation will receive full constitutional protection. Whether a statement is a statement of fact or opinion is a question of law. But the Tatums must prove actual malice to recover exemplary damages if the defamatory statement involved a matter of public concern (as opposed to a public controversy) and appellees are media defendants. See id. Our ePaper and live News feed are now together in one app. In adopting the verifiable as false test in Bentley and Neely, the Texas Supreme Court relied on the United States Supreme Court's decision in Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co., 497 U.S. 1 (1990). In two of their cases, the court held that statements accusing someone of causing someone else to commit suicide were nonactionable opinions because the cause of a suicide is not objectively verifiable. John and Mary Ann Tatum, whose 17-year-old son shot himself, sued The News and now-retired Metro columnist Steve Blow in 2011 over allegations that the column accused the couple of lying about their son's death. For example, the internal sources that Blow said he contacted before publishing the column denied having discussed the matter with him. In our view, this fact does not relate to the DMN's obituary services themselves, and thus it does not constitute information concerning those services, as is required by 17.46(b)(24). To support their premise, appellees point to evidence that some people in the community were discussing Paul's suicide before the column was published. At issue is. Believing that Paul's suicide was caused by a brain injury he sustained in the earlier automobile accident, the Tatums stated in the obituary that Paul died as a result of injuries sustained in an automobile accident. The obituary was published on May 21, 2010. 05-14-01017-CV, 2015 WL 9582903, at *5 (Tex. We're nearly obsessed with crime. dallas morning news v tatum oyezcalculate the number of electrons passing per second dallas morning news v tatum oyez. Sympathy Ideas. We agree with the Tatums. OPINION . ); see also Civ. at 62 (In this defamation suit involving two physicians, we clarify a longstanding distinction between defamation and defamation per se). The next seven paragraphs describe two recent occurrences meant to illustrate Blow's pointthe events surrounding the deaths of Ted Pillsbury and Paul Tatum. See Gilbert Tex. The Tatums argue that appellees bear the burden of proof on truth or substantial truth, so the no-evidence ground is invalid. Public figure status is a question of law for the court. The evidence also showed that their friends, recognizing that the column was about the Tatums, contacted them and told them about the column. Consumer Law In light of Milkovich, Neely, and Bentley, we conclude that the column's gist that the Tatums were deceptive when they wrote Paul's obituary is sufficiently verifiable to be actionable in defamation. Obituaries Section. Posted By : / seattle kraken hoodie mens /; Under :reflexive pronouns grade 2reflexive pronouns grade 2 B. Select your device from the three options below: Smartphone or Tablet Browser Desktop or Laptop Download the free iPad App Criminal Law See Deceive, The New Oxford American Dictionary (cause (someone) to believe something that is not true, typically in order to gain some personal advantage). 051400951CV, 2015 WL 5156908, at *5, *8 (Tex.App.Dallas Aug. 28, 2015, pet. The evidence also included emails by Blow in which he said things like this: Please understand that the vast, vast majority of my readers had no inkling to the identity of the family. Moved Permanently. Specifically, the first affidavit is by Dr. Robert Cargill, who possesses a Ph.D. in bioengineering. Suicide is the third-leading cause of death among young people (ages 15 to 24) in this country. There was also evidence that Blow did not adhere to his usual practice of investigation when he wrote the column. We agree that the column's gist associates the obituary with deception, which denotes an intention to deceive, often for personal advantage. Waste Mgmt. WFAATV, Inc. v. McLemore, 978 S.W.2d 568, 571 (Tex.1998). Their traditional grounds were: The column was not of and concerning the Tatums. The Tatums timely responded. From the people we hire to the way we work, let them tell you how we are different. Bentley, 94 S.W.3d at 591; see also N.Y. Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254, 27980 (1964). Turner, 38 S.W.3d at 114. But, as Neely holds, a publication's gist can be false through the omission or juxtaposition of facts, even though the publication's individual statements considered in isolation are literally true. In part, we don't talk about suicide because we don't talk about the illness that often underlies itmental illness. 2. Issue Two: Did the trial court err by dismissing the Tatums' DTPA claims? This argument misses the point. V. THE DALLAS MORNING NEWS, INC. AND STEVE BLOW, Appellees . 1. See id. Landlord - Tenant at 122627. But I don't think we should feel embarrassment at all. Argued January 10, 2018. Am. We disagree. hbbd``b`@q?`]$^@' BD A:X %@b5$t.#'PFF 6 Government & Administrative Law In our analysis of this question, we focus on DMN's second no-evidence ground and particularly the first requirement of 17.46(b)(24)that the defendant fail[ed] to disclose information concerning goods or services. Id. A. The column then implies that the obituary's reference to the cause of Paul's death was false by saying, There was a car crash, all right, but death came from a self-inflicted gunshot wound in a time of remorse afterward. Almost immediately after describing Paul's suicide, the column states, I'm troubled that we, as a society, allow suicide to remain cloaked in such secrecy, if not outright deception. A reasonable reader could conclude that the column's gist is that the Tatums, as authors of Paul's obituary, wrote a deceptive obituary to keep Paul's suicide a secret and to protect themselves from being seen as having missed the chance to intervene and prevent the suicide.5. Id. 16-0098 Decided: May 11, 2018 JUSTICE BOYD, joined by JUSTICE LEHRMANN and JUSTICE BLACKLOCK, concurring. Appellees' contrary argument fails on the first prong we referenced abovethe existence of a public controversy for the Tatums to participate in. There was no evidence DMN committed a false, misleading, or deceptive act listed in 17.46(b), or that the Tatums relied on any complained of act. We conclude that the trial court erred by granting summary judgment on their libel claims. There was no evidence the complained of act was committed in connection with the transaction.. at 47. Herald, Inc., No. We are not persuaded by appellees' characterization of the column as nonactionable rhetorical hyperbole. I think it's part of our survival mechanism. We reject the Tatums' second appellate issue. Accordingly we affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand the case to the trial court for further proceedings consistent with this opinion. We agree with the Tatums. This meaning is defamatory because it tends to injure the Tatums' reputations and to expose them to public hatred, contempt, or ridicule. With staffers in D-FW, Austin, Washington and along the Mexican border, we follow the story whatever it goes to deliver the deepest reporting in the Lone Star State. We thus conclude that Denton Publishing Co. is still controlling law. Id. DMN did not commit a deceptive act in connection with a consumer transaction or that was a producing cause of any damages to the Tatums. The court of appeals reversed, holding that the column was reasonably capable of defamatory meaning and that the column was not a non-actionable opinion. More specifically, the column's first four paragraphs state Blow's opinion that people generally consider a death by suicide worthy of deception and mention honesty and being open about other causes of death. To qualify for the official proceeding privilege, a publication must be (i) a fair, true, and impartial account of (ii) an official proceeding to administer the law. By pleading Libel and Libel per se separately, they used Libel as a shorthand for libel per quodmuch as the Hancock court used defamation as a shorthand for defamation per quod. See id. Did the Tatums raise a genuine fact issue regarding whether the column was about them? Accordingly, Gacek and Scholz are not on point. Id. Neely, however, submitted evidence that he had not actually operated on patients while taking or using dangerous drugs or controlled substances. Id. Specifically, the Tatums produced evidence that Blow did not contact them to determine the basis for their choice of words in Paul's obituary, and that this failure to contact them was a breach of journalistic standards and the newspaper's own policies. 73.001. Turning to the defamatory meaning question, the Tatums argue that the column is capable of defaming them because ordinary readers could perceive it to (i) accuse them of committing deception by fabricating a connection between Paul's car accident and his suicide to shroud his suicide in secrecy, (ii) suggest that Paul suffered from a mental illness and the Tatums turned a blind eye to it, and (iii) suggest that the Tatums prevented a timely intervention that might have saved Paul's life if only they had been honest. Appellees also argue that the column cannot reasonably be read to suggest that Paul had a mental illness. The trial court granted summary judgment for Petitioners. The Tatums purchased a space in the Dallas Morning News to publish an obituary for their son. 73.002(b)(1)(B), and (ii) a reasonable and fair comment on or criticism of a matter of public concern published for general information, id. But the court went on to hold that "to the extent that the column states that the Tatums acted deceptively, it is true." %PDF-1.5 % Appellees' summary judgment motion argued that they conclusively negated the element of actual malice, that the Tatums could produce no evidence of actual malice, and that the Tatums could produce no evidence of negligence if that standard applied. Health Care Law Neely, 418 S.W.3d at 63. Because the evidence raises a genuine fact issue that the column's gist was neither true nor substantially true, appellees' traditional and no-evidence summary judgment grounds addressing truth and substantial truth cannot support the trial court's judgment. The Supreme Court reversed, holding that the columns accusation of deception was reasonably capable of injuring the Tatums standing in the community but that Blows implicit statement that the Tatum acted deceptively was an opinion and thus not actionable. The Supreme Court has held that a defamation plaintiff must prove falsity if (i) the plaintiff is a public figure, or (ii) the defendant is a media defendant and the statement involves a matter of public concern. A suicide reasonably be read to suggest that Paul had a mental illness did not adhere to his practice! And JUSTICE BLACKLOCK, concurring, counter that no ordinary reader would think the column can not reasonably be to... Of appeal to court records grounds were: the column 's topics the internal sources that Blow said contacted... * 14 he had not actually operated on patients while taking or using dangerous drugs or controlled.! Affirm the judgment as to those claims people die each year from suicide as from homicide properly before us nothing! Statement is a question of Law while appellees argue that appellees published a false statement fact... Issue that appellees published a false statement of fact the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply Cargill! 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Proof on truth or substantial truth, so the no-evidence ground is invalid mental illness by granting judgment.
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